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2015年英语专四真题及答案解析
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2015) -GRADE FOUR-
PART I DICTATION PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION A CONVERSATIONS Conversation one 1. Why is the trip to Mars a one-way trip? A. The return trip is too expensive. B. There is no technology to get people back. C. People don’t want to return. D. The return trip is too risky. 2. According to the man, what is more important for those recruits? A. Intelligence. B. Health. C. Skills. D. Calmness. 3. What is the last part of the conversation about? A. The kind of people suitable for the trip. B. Interests and hobbies of the speakers. C. Recruitment of people for the trip. D. Preparation for the trip to Mars. Conversation Two 4. What is showrooming? A. Going to the high street. B. Visiting everyday shops. C. Buying things like electrical goods. D. Visiting shops and buying online.
5. According to the conversation, the man had bought all the following things online EXCEPT
A. shoes B. CDs C. camera D. food
6. According to the conversation, the percentage of people who showroomed while Christmas
shopping was
A. 3% B. 33% C. 42% D. 24%
7. One reason for people to showroom is that they
A. want to know more about pricing B. can return the product later
C. want to see the real thing first D. can bargain for a lower shop price
Conversation Three
8. What is the conversation mainly about?
A. How to avoid clashes of exams. B. How to schedule exams.
C. How to use the faculty lounge. D. How to choose the courses.
9. What does the student have to do first in order to take the exams?
A. To choose a date on the draft schedule.
B. To find the information on the bulletin board.
C. To draw up the final schedule.
D. To arrange an invigilator.
10. According to the conversation, the Dean will
A. sign the sheet in the faculty lounge
B. take care of the bulletin board
C. consult the students
D. finalize the exam schedule
SECTION B PASSAGES
Passage One 11. Which of the following cities has the oldest Chinatown in North America? A. New York. B. San Francisco. C. Boston. D. San Diego. 12. The Chinatown in San Francisco attracts tourists a year. A. 20 ,000 B. 100 ,000 C. 7 million D. 17 million 13. Where can tourists see the fish markets? A. In Stockton Street. B. In Grant Avenue. C. In Portsmouth Square. D. In Bush Street. Passage Two 14. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? A. Obesity can damage one’s health. B. Obesity is a growing problem all over the world. C. Obesity is directly related to one’s habit. D. Obesity has affected both boys and girls. 15. The purpose of the three-year study is to . A. find out why some children find it difficult to go to sleep B. learn more about the link between sleep and weight C. identify the ways parents reduce their kids’ weight D. see if there is difference in sleep patterns over the period 16. According to the study, the daily healthy sleep time for the 3rd to 6th graders should be around ___ hours. A. 8 B. 9 C. 10 D. 11 17. According to the passage, obesity is most likely related to __ . A. sleep time B. gender C. race D. parents Passage Three 18. According to a number of students, __ __ is the main factor for early-age smoking. A. gender B. personality C. environment D. money 19. Which of the following statements is CORRECT? A. Very few continue smoking throughout their teenage years. B. Most early-age smokers soon stop experimenting. C. Some early-age smokers never go beyond experimenting. D. Children quickly become regular smokers by carrying cigarettes. 20. All the following are features of smokers EXCEPT ___ . A. strong peer influence B. low sense of achievement C. high sense of rebellion D. close family relationship SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST News Item 1 21. Why were some children offered only fruit and milk for lunch? A. The school stopped providing school lunch. B. Their parents failed to pay for school lunch. C. Some parents preferred fruit and milk for lunch. D. These children chose to have something different. 22. How did parents react to the school’s way of handling the situation? A. They were upset B. They were furious. C. They were surprised. D. They were sad. News Item 2
23. According to the news, what is the main advantage of the digital key?
A. Guests can pay without going to the front desk.{stand,c2.shx,下载}.
B. Guests can go direct to their rooms.
C. Guests can check out any time.
D. Guests can make room reservations.
24. The hotel company intends to have the system in ___ of its hotels in the next three months.
A. 2 B. 3 C. 100 D. 150
News Item 3
25. According to the court ruling, ShrienDewani _ ___ .
A. will return to the U.K. for medical treatment
B. will remain in South Africa for medical treatment
C. will stand trial in South Africa once proved fit
D. will be extradited even if he is unfit to stand trial
26. What was Dewani accused of?
A. Having his wife killed. B. Killing his wife in the U.K.
C. Being involved in a taxi accident. D. Hiring a crew of hit men.
News Item 4
27. The U.N. new vote would allow all the following EXCEPT ___ .
A. the use of force by European Union troops
B. the suspension of an existing arms embargo
C. the extension of U.N. peacekeeping mission
D. the ban on travel and freeze of assets
News Item 5
28. What is the news mainly about?
A. Causes of early death in Russia. B. Behavior of alcoholics.
C. Causes of alcohol poisoning. D. Number of death over 10 years.
News Item 6
29. The total investment in film-making in Britain in 2012 was __ __ .
A. £945 million B. £1.07 billion C. £500,000 D. £87,000
30. Hollywood studios prefer to make films in Britain because ___ .
A. The UK is a good film location
B. The cast usually comes from Britain
C. Hollywood emphasizes quality
D. Production cost can be reduced
PART III CLOZE
Electricity is such a part of our everyday lives and so much taken for granted nowadays 31 ___ we
rarely think twice when we switch on the light or turn on the TV set. At night, roads are brightly lit,
enabling people and32 ___ to move freely. Neon lighting used in advertising has become part of the 33 ___ of every modern city. In the home, many 34 ___ devices are powered by electricity. 35 ___
when we turn off the bedside lamp and are 36 ___ asleep, electricity is working for us, 37 ___ our
refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned. Every day, trains, buses
and
subways take us to and from work. We rarely 38 ___ to consider why or how they run——39 ___ something goes wrong.
In the summer of 1959, something 40 ___ go wrong with the power-plant that provided New York
with electricity. For a great many hours, life came almost to a 41 ___. Trains refused to move and the people in them sat in the dark, 42 ___ to do anything; lifts stopped working, so that 43 ___ you were lucky enough not to be 44. ___ between two floors, you had the unpleasant task of finding your way down 45 ___ of stairs. Famous streets like Broadway and Fifth Avenue in a(n) 46 ___ became as
gloomy and uninviting 47 ___ the most remote back streets. People were afraid to leave their houses,48 ___ . although the police had been ordered to 49 ___ in case of emergency, they were just as
confused and50 ___ as anybody else.
31. A. that B. thus C. as D. so
32. A. car B. truck C. traffic D. pedestrians
33. A. appearance B. character C. distinction D. surface
34. A. money-saving B. time-saving C. energy-saving D. labor-saving
35. A. Only B. Rarely C.Even D. Frequently
36. A. fast B. quite C. closely D. quickly
37. A. moving B. starting C. repairing D. driving
38. A. trouble B. bother C. hesitate D. remember
39. A. when B. if C. until D. after
40. A. did B. would C. could D. Should
41. A. pause B. terminal C. breakdown D. standstill
42. A. incompetent B. powerless C. hesitant D. helpless
43. A. although B. when C. as D. evenif
44. A. trapped B. placed C. positioned D. locked
45. A. steps B. levels C. flights D. floors
46. A. time B. instant C. point D. minute
47. A. like B. than C. for D. as
48. A. for B. and C. but D. or
49. A. standaside B. standdown C. standby D. standin
50. A. aimless B. helpless C. unfocused D. undecided PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY
51. When you have finished with that book, don’t forget to put it back on the shelf, ____?
A. don’t you B. do you C. will you D. won’t you
52. Mary is __ ___ hardworking than her sister, but she failed in the exam.
A. no less B. no more C. not less D. not so
53. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
A. Only one out of six were present at the meeting.
B. Ten dollars was stolen from the cash register.
C. Either my sister or my brother is wrong.
D. Five miles seem like a long walk to me.
54. Which of the italicized parts expresses a future tense?
A. My friend teaches chemistry in a school. B. I’ll give it to you after I return. C. What is the matter with you? D. London stands on the River Thames. 55. It is not so much the language ____ the cultural background that makes the film
difficult to understand.
A. but B. nor C. like D. as
56. There is no doubt ____ the committee has made the right decision on the housing project.
A. why B. that C. whether D. when
57. All the President’s Men ____ one of the important books for scholars who study the
Watergate Scandal.
A. remains B. remained C. remain D. is remaining
58. If you explained the situation to your lawyer, he ___ __ able to advise you much
better than I can.
A. will be B. was C. would be D. were
59. Which of the following is a stative verb (静态动词)?
A. Drink B. Close C. Rain D. Belong
60. Which of the following italicized parts indicates a subject-verb relation?
A. The man has a large family to support.
B. She had no wish to quarrel with her brother.
C. He was the last guest to leave.
D. Mary needs a friend to talk to.{stand,c2.shx,下载}.
61. The following are all correct responses to ―Who told the news to the teacher?‖
EXCEPT __ ___?
A. Bob did it B. Bob did so C. Bob did that D. Bob did.
62. Which of the following is INCORRECT?
A. Another two girls B. Few words C. This work D. A bit of flowers
63. Which of the following italicized words does NOT indicate willingness?
A. What will you do when you graduate?
B. They will be home by now.
C. Who will go with me?
D. Why will you go there alone?
64. When one has good health, ___ should feel fortunate
A. you B. she C. he D. we
65. There ____ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier.
A. to be B. to have been C. be D. being
66. Two of her brothers were _ __ during the Second World War.
A. called up B. called on C. called for D. called out
67. Bottles from this region sell __ ____ at about $50 a case.
A. entirely B. totally C. wholesale D. together
68. The product contains no ____ colours, flavours, or preservatives.
A. fake B. artificial C. false D. wrong
69. Davis accepted the defeat in the semi-final with good grace. The underlined part is
closest in meaning to ___ ___.
新视野大学英语视听说教程(第二版)第三册Unit3
Uint 3
Culture makes me what I am
Task 1:On the first day
Collectivism Individualism Individualism Collectivism
II. Basic Listening Practice
Keys: 1.B 2.A 3. D 4.B 5.A
III. Listening In
Task 1:Competition in America
Keys:1.C 2.A 3. C 4.B 5.D
Task 2:How to select elective courses?
Keys:
(1)roots
(2)what
(3)moral
(4)diligence
(5)sin
(6)teachings
(7)centuries
(8)If it's worth doing at all, it's worth doing well
(9)In English a new word has been created to describe people who work compulsively
(10)Others hold that workaholics are valuable members of society because they are extremely productive
Task3: Cross-cultural tips on doing business
Keys:1.D 2.A 3. D 4.A 5.C
IV. Speaking Out
MODEL1
MODEL2
MODEL3
V. Let?ˉs Talk
Task 1:International Slavery Museum
Keys:
1.
(1)transatlantic slave trade
(2)unknown lands
(3)dignity or payment
2.
(1)rich
(2)cotton and sugar
3.
(1)all over the world
(2)family history
(3)changed
4.
200th anniversary
5.
(1)banned
(2)taking part in
(3)slavery
(4)freed
Task 2:What's your answer?
VI. Further Listening and Speaking
Listening Task:
Task1: Problems with our educational system
Script:
To Americans, punctuality is a way of showing respect for other people's time.
Being more than 10 minutes late to an appointment usually calls for an apology and maybe an explanation.
People who are running late often call ahead to let others know of the delay. Of course, the less formal the situation, the less important it is to be exactly on time.
At informal get-togethers, for example, people often arrive as much as 30 minutes past the appointed time.
But they usually don't try that at work.American lifestyles show how much people respect the time of others.
When people plan an event, they often set the time days or weeks in advance. Once the time is fixed, it takes almost an emergency to change it.
If people want to come to your house for a friendly visit, they will usually call first to make sure it is convenient.
Only very close friends will just "drop in" unannounced.
Also, people hesitate to call others late at night for fear they might already be in bed.
The time may vary, but most people think twice about calling after 10:00 p.m.
To outsiders, Americans seem tied to the clock. People in some Eastern cultures value relationships more than schedules.
In these societies, people don't try to control time, but to experience it. Many Eastern cultures, for example, view time as a cycle.
The rhythm of nature—from the passing of seasons to the monthly cycle of the moon—shapes their view of events.
If they have wasted some time or let an opportunity pass by, they are not very worried, knowing that more time and opportunities will come in the next cycle.
But Americans often want to jump at the first opportunity.
They are unwilling to stand by idly and give up the opportunity.
The early American hero Benjamin Franklin expressed that view of time like
this: "Do you love life? Then do not waste time, for that is the stuff life is made of."
Keys:1.C 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.D
Task 2: Our personal space
Script
Our personal space, that piece of the universe we occupy and call our own, is contained within an invisible boundary surrounding our body. As the owners of this area, we usually decide who may enter and who may not. When our space is invaded, we react in a variety of ways. We back up and retreat, stand our ground as our hands become moist from nervousness, or sometimes even react violently. Our response shows not only our unique personality, but also our cultural background.
For example, cultures that stress individualism such as England, the United States, Germany, and Australia, generally demand more space than collective cultures do, and tend to become aggressive when their space is invaded. This idea of space is quite different from the one found in the Mexican and Arab cultures. In Mexico, the physical distance between people when engaged in conversation is closer than what is usual north of the border. And for Middle Easterners, typical Arab conversations are at close range. Closeness cannot be avoided.
As is the case with most of our behavior, our use of space is directly linked to the value system of our culture. In some Asian cultures, for example, employees do not stand near their bosses; the extended distance demonstrates respect. Extra interpersonal distance is also part of the cultural experience of the people of Scotland and Sweden, for whom it reflects privacy. And in Germany, private space is sacred.
Keys:1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.B
Task3:We don't know what to do with them.
Script
A Russian, a Cuban, an American businessman, and an American lawyer were passengers on a fast train speeding across the French countryside. As time wore on, they gradually became friendly with one another, introducing themselves and shaking hands. Eventually, the Russian took out a large bottle of vodka and poured each of his traveling companions a drink. Just as the American businessman was sipping the vodka and praising its fine quality, the Russian hurled the half-full bottle out of the open window. "What did you do that for?" asked the startled American businessman.
"Vodka is plentiful in my country," said the Russian. "In fact, we have thousands and thousands of liters of it—far more than we need."
The American businessman shook his head and leaned back in his seat, obviously baffled by the Russian's reasoning.
A little later, the young Cuban passed around a box of fine Havana cigars. The men enjoyed this treat and made admiring remarks about the pleasure of smoking good Havana cigars. At that very moment the Cuban took a couple
of puffs of his cigar and then tossed it out of the open window.
"I thought the Cuban economy was not good this year," the American businessman said. "Yet you threw that perfectly good cigar away. I find your actions quite puzzling."
"Cigars," the Cuban replied, "are a dime a dozen in Cuba. We have more of them than we know what to do with."
The American businessman sat in silence for a moment. Then he got up, grabbed the lawyer, and threw him out of the window.
Keys:
1.The Russian hurled the half-full bottle of vodka out of the open window.
2.He answered, "Vodka is plentiful in my country. In fact, we have thousands and thousands of liters of it—far more than we need."
3.The businessman said, "I thought the Cuban economy was not good this year. Yet you threw that perfectly good cigar away. I find your actions quite puzzling."{stand,c2.shx,下载}.
4.He replied, "Cigars are a dime a dozen in Cuba. We have more of them than we know what to do with."
5.The American businessman sat in silence for a moment. Then he got up, grabbed the lawyer, and threw him out of the window. He did that probably because he thought there were too many lawyers in the United States. Viewing and speaking:
Task 1:Reviving the image of tea
Keys:
(1)disappearing{stand,c2.shx,下载}.
(2)kicking
(3)tea shop
(4)image crisis
(5)update
(6)compete
(7)fast
(8)product designers
(9)contacts
(10)similar
(11)want
(12)challenge
(13)consumer
(14)traditional
Task 2:Talk after viewing
Script
As people become espresso fiends and cappuccino connoisseurs, the traditional British tea are being kicked off the menu by designer coffees. Unit 3 test
Part I
Keys: 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.D
Part II
(1) values
(2) purpose
(3) true
(4) Nowhere
(5) equality
(6) races
(7) laboratory
(8) Although Edwards specifically mentions young men, young women also compete in organized sports without regard to their race or economic background
(9) Many Americans believe that learning how to win in sports helps develop the habits necessary to compete successfully in later life
(10) the competitive ethic taught in sports must be learned and cultivated in youth for the future success of American business and military efforts Part III
1.C 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.D
Part IV
1.D 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.D 6.C 7.A 8.B 9.B 10.A
c学习交流2
【学习交流】第一次内部培训（题解）2012年03月14日 13:52:30
十分抱歉，题解发晚了，主页君向大家鞠躬致歉。由于鄙人第一次为代码加注释，有什么不当之处请大家指正。 可以看到本次题目的要求不再像上学期那样简单，现在不仅仅要注重语法，而且要注意程序的实用。
（题目地址
第一题使用了李恂和邓思名的题解作为最优解。至于李恂使用了类，同学们看不懂可不必深究。邓思名typedef的用法值得大家学习。第二题则使用了张笑和王千郡的代码。王千郡的做法解决了“生日节日同一天如何输出”的问题。张笑则使输出的日历十分美观。
第一题：
李恂：
#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
#include<fstream>
#define stop system("pause")
using namespace std;
enum Way {dai,jin};
class good
{
private:
string name;
double prize;
public:
Way way;
friend istream & operator>>(istream & in,good & temp);
friend bool cmp(good a,good b);
friend ostream & operator<<(ostream & os,const good & temp);
};//关于类的知识，自行看书或脑补
ostream & operator<<(ostream & os,const good & temp)
{
os<<temp.name<<" "<<temp.prize;
if(temp.way==dai)os<<"袋每元";
else os<<"斤每元";
}//输出某个物品的全部信息
istream & operator>>(istream & in,good & temp)
{
char t;
in>>temp.name>>temp.prize>>t;
if(t=='d')temp.way=dai;
if(t=='j')temp.way=jin;
return in;
}//输入商品信息
void add(vector<good> & a)
good temp;
cin>>temp;
a.push_back(temp);
cout<<"是否继续添加?(Y or N)"<<endl;
string t;
cin>>t;
//cout<<t<<endl,stop;
if(t[0]=='Y'||t[0]=='y')add(a);
else if(t[0]=='N'||t[0]=='n')return;
else {cout<<"输入错误";return;}
}//add函数，优点很明显
bool cmp(good a,good b)
{
if(a.prize<=b.prize)return true;
else return false;
}//compare 比较价格大小
void sort(vector<good> & a)
{
sort(a.begin(),a.end(),cmp);
for(int i=0;i<a.size();i++)cout<<a[i]<<endl;
}
void print()
{
cout<<"1.添加商品"<<endl;
cout<<"2.顺序输出商品全部信息"<<endl;
cout<<"3.分类输出价格并输出平均价"<<endl;
cout<<"4.保存到文件"<<endl;
cout<<"5.退出"<<endl;
}
int main()
{
ofstream fout;
fout.open("D:/good.txt");//打开文件，可以看到，C++打开文件比C简单很多 vector<good> list;
print();
int n;
while(1)
{
if(cin>>n)
{
switch(n){stand,c2.shx,下载}.
{
case 1:add(list);break;
case 2:sort(list);break;
case 3:
{
cout<<"按袋分:"<<endl;
for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++)
{
if(list[i].way==dai)cout<<list[i]<<endl; }
cout<<"按斤分:"<<endl;
for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++)
{
if(list[i].way==jin)cout<<list[i]<<endl; }
}break;
case 4:
for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++)
{
fout<<list[i]<<endl;
}
break;
case 5:exit(0);
default:cout<<"输入错误!"<<endl;
}
stop;
system("cls");//清屏函数，仅在微软编译器中可用 print();
}
Stand By LC
教:什么是STAND BY LC,这种LC 和 confirmed and irrevocable LC 有什么区别?谢谢!!!
网友回答: Stand by credit叫备用信用证，是一种特殊形式的光票信用证，它是开证行对受益人的一项保证，保证在开证申请人不偿还借款或不履约的情况下，开证行对受益人予以付款，它具有备用的性质。
备用信用证主要用于：作为投标担保，作为履约保证，作为借款保证。
与其他信用证不同之处就是银行是第一性付款人。
网友回答: 其他信用证不是银行是第一付款人吗？
网友回答: 等待解决中有点糊涂了
网友回答: 备用信用证（Standby Letter of Credit）是一种跟单信用证或安排，不论其如何命名或描述，它代表了开证人对受益人的以下责任：
a．偿还开证申请人的借款，或；
b．支付由开证申请人承担的任何债务，或；
c．支付由开证申请人违约所造成的任何损失。
备用信用证通常用作投标、还款、履约保证金的担保业务。在备用信用证下，只要受益人向指定银行提交备用信用证规定的汇票及／或开证申请人未履约的声明或证明文件，即可取得开证人的偿付。由于《跟单信用证统一惯例（1993年修订本）》（以下简称 UCP500）的跟单信用证定义中的单据一词意指信用证规定的任何单据，而不特指代表货物的商业单据，因此，按UCP500规定，备用信用证属跟单信用证的一种，它是相对于一般附有商业单据的商业信用证（Commercial Letter of Credit）而言的。商业信用证由受益人将货物装运出口并提交符合信用证要求的单据这一履约行为而使信用证成为可使用的结算方式；备用信用证则由于开证申请人的违约而支持了受益人，如到时开证申请人履约无误，则备用信用证就成为备而不用的结算方式，故称为备用信用证。由于备用信用证所具有的担保性质，所以有时也称做担保信用证（Guarantee L/C）。商业信用证和担保信用证合称跟单信用证。
备用信用证的用途
备用信用证通常用作履约、投标、还款的担保业务。按照用途的不
同，备用信用证主要可分成以下几种：；
l．履约备用信用证（Performance Standbr L/C），用于担保履行责任而非担保付款，包括对申请人在基础交易中违约所造成的损失进行赔偿的保证。在履约备用信用证有效期内如发生申请人违反合同的情况，开证人将根据受益人提交的符合备用信用证的单据（如索款要求书、违约声明等）代申请人赔偿保函规定的金额。
2．投标备用信用证（Tender Bond Standby L/C），用于担保申请人中标后执行合同的责任和义务。若投标人未能履行合同，开证人须按备用信用证的规定向受益人履行赔款义务。
投标备用信用证的金额一般为投保报价的l％－5％（具体比例祝招标文件规定而定）。
3．预付款备用信用证（Advance Payment Standby L/C），用于担保申请人对受益人的预付款所应承担的责任和义务。预付款备用信用证常用于国际工程承包项目中业主向承包人支付的合同总价10％~2 5％的工程预付款，以及进出口贸易中进口商向出口商的预付款。
4．直接付款备用信用证（Direct Payment standby L/C），用于担保到期付款，尤指到期没有任何违约时支付本金和利息。直接付款备用信用证主要用于担保企业发行债券或订立债务契约时的到期支付本息义务。直接付款备用信用证已经突破了备用信用证备而不用的传统担保性质。
备用信用证、商业信用证及保函三者间的关系
与一般商业跟单信用证一样，备用信用证也具有独立性和单据化的特点，只要受益人提交了与信用证相符的单据，开证人就必须履行付款义务。但备用信用证的作用与一般商业跟单信用证存在显著不同：一般商业跟单信用证是受益人履行交货义务后银行付款，而备用信用证则是在申请人未能履约时由开证人赔款。可见，尽管备用信用证的开证人形式上承担着见索即付的第一性付款责任，但其开立意图实质上是第二性的，具有保函的性质，因此有时被人称为担保信用证。另外，与商业信用证相比，备用信用证用途更，它并不限于进出口贸易结算，还可用于投标及履约担保等。再者，按照ISP98的规定，备用信用证的开立者并不限于银行，也可是保险公司等非银行机构；而按照UCP500的规定，商业信用证的开立者只能是银行。
从法律观点来看，备用信用证等于是见索即付保函，都具有独立性和单据化的特点，但两者还是有重大不同：备用信用证已发展到适用于各种用途的融资工具，包含着比见索即付保函用途更的范围。另外，两者适用的惯例也有所不同：备用信用证适用于ISP98或UCP500，而见索即付保函则适用于1992年国际商会制订的《见索即付保函统一规则》。
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